By Francis Allan L. Angelo
The Supreme Court’s recent ruling, which reiterates the rights of persons with intellectual disabilities to testify in court, is a landmark decision that strengthens human rights and sets a progressive precedent in Philippine jurisprudence. By advocating for inclusive approaches, the decision aligns with global standards on non-discrimination and accessibility in the justice system.
The ruling, supported by the Commission on Human Rights (CHR), underscores the principle of non-discrimination central to international human rights law. Persons with intellectual disabilities have long been marginalized due to misconceptions about their capabilities. This decision breaks down barriers, affirming their competence to testify based on clarity, coherence, and relevance, rather than preconceived notions about their abilities.
The Supreme Court’s stand is in line with Article 12 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), which emphasizes the right of persons with disabilities to recognition before the law. The court’s acknowledgment of their agency and ability to actively participate in judicial proceedings is a vital step toward full inclusion.
The ruling also reflects principles in the UN’s Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities. These rules call for removing barriers and ensuring accessibility in all societal systems, including the judiciary. By doing so, the Philippines upholds its commitment to equal rights and opportunities for all its citizens.
The use of People-First Language (PFL), another aspect of the decision, demonstrates respect for the dignity of persons with intellectual disabilities. By placing the individual before their disability, PFL challenges harmful stereotypes and reinforces the notion that every person has inherent worth.
Language plays a critical role in shaping societal perceptions. By emphasizing personhood over disability, the Supreme Court decision not only changes how individuals with intellectual disabilities are addressed but also influences how they are viewed and treated within the judicial system.
Historically, persons with intellectual disabilities faced significant hurdles in accessing justice, as seen in previous cases such as People vs. Tabugoca (G.R. No. 228579). In this case, the Supreme Court upheld the testimony of a witness with intellectual disabilities and recognized their capacity to provide credible evidence. These rulings collectively ensure that the justice system evolves to become more inclusive and reflective of democratic principles.
The advantages of this decision extend beyond the courtroom. By reaffirming the rights of persons with intellectual disabilities, the ruling opens doors for broader societal reforms, including better access to education, employment, and social protection. A society that values inclusivity is one that fosters innovation, compassion, and equality.
Moving forward, it is essential for the legal community, policymakers, and the public to embrace this progressive stance. Legal reforms should continue to ensure that all individuals, regardless of their abilities, are given equal opportunities to participate in judicial processes.
